Rabbits are adorable, social, and curious pets. But if you’re new to caring for one, you might be wondering: What do rabbits eat? Feeding your rabbit the right diet is extremely important because it directly affects their health, teeth, and lifespan. A poor diet can lead to obesity, dental issues, or even life-threatening digestive problems.
Safe vs. Unsafe Foods for Rabbits
| Safe Foods (Can Eat) | Unsafe Foods (Avoid) |
|---|---|
| Fresh hay (Timothy, orchard grass, meadow hay) | Chocolate, candy, or sugary foods |
| Leafy greens (romaine, kale, parsley, cilantro) | Iceberg lettuce (causes digestive issues) |
| Vegetables (carrots, bell peppers, broccoli in moderation) | Onions, garlic, chives |
| Fruits (apple slices, strawberries, bananas in small amounts) | Avocado (toxic) |
| Herbs (basil, mint, dill) | Potatoes, corn, beans |
| Pellets (high-fiber, no added sugar) | Processed/junk food, bread, crackers |
Tip: Always introduce new foods slowly to avoid digestive upset. Hay should be 80–90% of a rabbit’s diet.
The Basics of a Rabbit’s Diet
A rabbit’s diet should be balanced and mimic what they would naturally eat in the wild. Their digestive system is very delicate, so giving the wrong food can cause serious problems.
Here’s the ideal rabbit diet breakdown:
- Hay (75–80%) – Unlimited fresh hay is the most important food. It keeps their teeth trimmed and digestion healthy.
- Fresh Vegetables (10–15%) – Leafy greens and safe veggies provide vitamins and minerals.
- Pellets (5%) – Special rabbit pellets add extra nutrients but should be limited.
- Fresh Water (24/7) – Always available and changed daily.
- Treats (Occasional, <5%) – Fruits and healthy snacks in small amounts.
1. Hay: The Foundation of a Rabbit’s Diet
Hay is not optional—it’s essential. Rabbits need unlimited hay to chew on all day.
Best hay for rabbits:
- Timothy hay (most recommended)
- Meadow hay
- Orchard grass hay
- Oat hay
Avoid alfalfa hay for adult rabbits—it’s too high in calcium and protein (safe only for baby rabbits under 6 months).
2. Vegetables Rabbits Can Eat
Fresh veggies keep rabbits happy and healthy. Introduce new vegetables slowly to avoid stomach upset.
Safe leafy greens:
- Romaine lettuce
- Kale (in moderation)
- Cilantro
- Basil
- Mint
- Bok choy
- Parsley
- Dandelion greens
Other safe veggies:
- Bell peppers
- Broccoli (leaves and stems, small amounts)
- Zucchini
- Carrot tops
- Cucumber
Carrots themselves should only be given as a treat because they’re high in sugar.
3. Fruits Rabbits Can Eat (Treats Only)
Rabbits love fruit, but too much sugar can harm them. Only give small portions once or twice a week.
Safe fruits (small pieces):
- Apples (no seeds)
- Bananas
- Strawberries
- Blueberries
- Pineapple
- Papaya
- Pears
4. Rabbit Pellets
Pellets are concentrated nutrition but should not replace hay. Choose high-fiber pellets without seeds, nuts, or colored bits.
- Adult rabbits: 1/4 cup per 5 lbs of body weight daily.
- Baby rabbits: Can have alfalfa-based pellets until 6 months.
5. Foods Rabbits Should NEVER Eat
Some foods are dangerous or even toxic to rabbits.
Never feed rabbits:
- Chocolate
- Bread, pasta, crackers
- Nuts or seeds
- Dairy products
- Onions, garlic, leeks
- Potatoes
- Iceberg lettuce (too watery, low nutrition)
- Sugary or processed foods
6. Fresh Water – Always Available
Rabbits need clean, fresh water every day. Use a heavy bowl or a water bottle—whichever your rabbit prefers.
7. Seasonal & Wild Foods
If you allow your rabbit to nibble on grass or dandelions outdoors, make sure they’re free from pesticides and chemicals.
8. Feeding Tips for Happy & Healthy Rabbits
- Introduce new foods slowly to avoid digestive upset.
- Give a variety of greens instead of just one type.
- Monitor poop—healthy droppings mean a healthy gut.
- Provide unlimited hay, always.
FAQs
Q1: What do rabbits eat daily?
Rabbits should eat mostly hay, some fresh vegetables, limited pellets, and occasional fruit.
Q2: Can rabbits eat carrots every day?
No, carrots are too high in sugar. Offer as a treat only.
Q3: What vegetables are toxic to rabbits?
Onions, garlic, potatoes, iceberg lettuce, and rhubarb are toxic.
Q4: Can rabbits eat bananas?
Yes, but only small pieces as a rare treat.
Q5: Should rabbits eat pellets?
Yes, but only in small amounts—hay should always be the main diet.
Q6: Can baby rabbits eat vegetables?
Not until 12 weeks old. Start slowly with leafy greens.
Q7: How much hay should a rabbit eat?
Unlimited—hay should make up 75–80% of their diet.
Q8: Can rabbits drink milk?
No, rabbits are lactose intolerant. Milk can make them very sick.
Q9: Do rabbits need salt licks?
No, a proper diet provides enough nutrients. Salt licks are unnecessary.
Q10: Can rabbits eat grass?
Yes, but only if it’s pesticide-free.
Conclusion
So, what do rabbits eat? The answer is simple but very important: a rabbit’s diet should be based mainly on hay, fresh vegetables, small amounts of pellets, and occasional fruit treats.
Feeding your rabbit correctly ensures they stay healthy, energetic, and live a long, happy life. Always avoid harmful foods and keep fresh hay and water available at all times.